Since the Spring of 2006, he has had tenured positions in mathematics education at the University of Stavanger. From January 2006 to July 2013, he was employed by the Department of Early Childhood Education as associate professor. From August 2013, he switched to the Department of Education and Sports Science—also at the University of Stavanger. In July 2016, he was promoted to full professor in mathematics education.

In the academic year of 2017/2018, Mosvold was a visiting Fulbright scholar at the University of Michigan, School of Education, collaborating with the research group of Deborah Loewenberg Ball.

Mosvold is leader of the research project “Partners in Practice” at the University of Stavanger, and he served as leader of Thematic Working Group 19, “Mathematics teaching and teacher practice(s)” in CERME11, CERME 12, CERME13 and CERME14.

Since the Fall of 2025, most of Mosvold’s position is at the National Centre for Mathematics Education, where he is involved in the national initiative called “Meaningful Mathematics” (link to description of initiative in Norwegian). In this initiative, Mosvold is involved in professional development of teachers on a national scale, in the establishment of a national network for mathematics coaches, and in research on the national initiative.