NCME Annual Meeting

Yesterday, NCME (National Council on Measurement in Education) started their annual meeting. NCME’s mission is among other things to “Advance the science of measurement in the field of education”, so the focus is not on mathematics education solely. There are, however several presentations that deal with mathematics in the program. Here are the ones that I could find:

  • Shelley Ragland, James Madison University, Christina Schneider, CTB/McGraw- Hill, Ching Ching Yap, University of South Carolina, Pamela Kaliski, James Madison University: The Effect of Classroom Assessment Professional Development on English Language Arts and Mathematics Student Achievement: Year 2 Results
  • Carol Parke, Duquesne University, Gibbs Kanyongo, Duquesne University, Steven Kachmar, Duquesne University: Examining Relationships among Large-Scale Mathematics Assessment Performance, Grade Point Average, and Coursework in Urban High Schools
  • Michelle Boyer, CTB/McGraw-Hill, Enrique Froemel, Office of Student Assessment, Evaluation Institute, Supreme Education Council, State of Qatar, Richard Schwarz, CTB/McGraw-Hill: Obtaining Comparable Scores for Arabic and English Tests of Mathematics and Science Administered under the Qatar Comprehensive Educational Assessment Program
  • Catherine Taylor, University of Washington, Yoonsun Lee, Washington State Department of Education: Analyses of Gender DIF in Reading and Mathematics Items from Tests with Mixed Item Formats
  • Saw Lan Ong, Universiti Sains Malaysia: Effects of Test Language on Students’ Mathematics Performance
  • Bryce Pride, University of South Florida, Yi-Hsin Chen, University of South Florida, Teresa Chavez, University of South Florida, Corina Owens, University of South Florida, Yuh-Chyn Leu, National Taipei University of Education: An Exploration of Cognitive Skills and Knowledge underlying the TIMSS-2003 Fourth Grade Mathematics Items
  • Richard Sudweeks, Brigham Young University, Maria Assunta Forgione, Brigham Young University, Robert Bullough, Brigham Young University, Damon Bahr, Brigham Young University, Eula Monroe, Brigham Young University, Scott Thayn, Brigham Young University: Constructing Vertically Scaled Mathematics Tests for Tracking Student Growth in Value-Added Studies of Teacher Effectiveness
  • Samantha Burg, Metametrics, Inc.: An Investigation of Dimensionality across Grade Levels for Grades 3-8 Mathematics Achievement Tests

AERA 2008 – Annual meeting

Yesterday, the 2008 annual meeting of AERA started. Although this is not only a mathematics education conference, it has a lot of interesting presentations for our field as well. A brief search through the searchable program gave 353 hits on individual presentations with the word “math” in the title. There are also several paper sessions with themes related to mathematics education. Today, for instance, there is a session entitled “Addressing Mathematics Education in Special Education“, which has the following participants:

Beyond Either/Or: Enhancing the Computation and Problem-Solving Skills of Low-Achieving Adolescents

*Brian A. Bottge (University of Kentucky), Jorge Enrique Rueda-Sarmiento (University of Wisconsin – Madison), Ana C. Stephens (University of Wisconsin – Madison)

Calculators, Friend or Foe? Calculators as Assessment Accommodations for Students With Disabilities

*Emily C. Bouck (Purdue University)

Interventions to Enhance Math Problem Solving and Number Combinations Fluency for Third-Grade Students With Math Difficulties: A Field-Based Randomized Control Trial

*Lynn S. Fuchs (Vanderbilt University), *Sarah Rannells Powell (Vanderbilt University), *Pamela M. Seethaler (Vanderbilt University), *Rebecca O’Rand Zumeta (Vanderbilt University), Douglas Fuchs (Vanderbilt University)

The Effects of Conceptual Model-Based Instruction on Solving Word-Problems With Various Contexts: “Transfer in Pieces”

*Yanping Xin (Purdue University), *Dake Zhang (Perdue University)

The Effects of Two Manipulative Devices on Hundreds Place-Value Instruction

*Amy Scheuermann (Bowling Green State Univeristy)

Two didactic approaches

Ferdinando Arzarello, Marianna Bosch, Josep Gascón and Cristina Sabena have written an article called “The ostensive dimension through the lenses of two didactical approaches“, that has recently been published (online first) in ZDM. Here is the abstract.

The paper presents how two different theories—the APC-space and the ATD—can frame in a complementary way the semiotic (or ostensive) dimension of mathematical activity in the way they approach teaching and learning phenomena. The two perspectives coincide in the same subject: the importance given to ostensive objects (gestures, discourses, written symbols, etc.) not only as signs but also as essential tools of mathematical practices. On the one hand, APC-space starts from a general semiotic analysis in terms of “semiotic bundles” that is to be integrated into a more specific epistemological analysis of mathematical activity. On the other hand, ATD proposes a general model of mathematical knowledge and practice in terms of “praxeologies” that has to include a more specific analysis of the role of ostensive objects in the development of mathematical activities in the classroom. The articulation of both theoretical perspectives is proposed as a contribution to the development of suitable frames for Networking Theories in mathematics education.

Proofs as bearers of mathematical knowledge

This article by Gila Hanna and Ed Barbeau was published online two days ago in ZDM. The article examines a main idea from an article by Yehuda Rav in Philosophia Mathematica, that it is “proofs rather than theorems that are the bearers of mathematical knowledge”. An interesting theme of an article, with strong implications. Here is the entire abstract:

Yehuda Rav’s inspiring paper “Why do we prove theorems?” published in Philosophia Mathematica (1999, 7, pp. 5–41) has interesting implications for mathematics education. We examine Rav’s central ideas on proof—that proofs convey important elements of mathematics such as strategies and methods, that it is “proofs rather than theorems that are the bearers of mathematical knowledge”and thus that proofs should be the primary focus of mathematical interestand then discuss their significance for mathematics education in general and for the teaching of proof in particular.

New doctoral thesis from Sweden

Eva Riesbeck from Linköping University is defending her thesis on April 11. The thesis is written in Swedish, with an English summary, and the title is “På tal om matematik: matematiken, vardagen och den matematikdidaktiska diskursen“. The main aim of the thesis is to analyze how discourse can be used as a theoretical and didactical concept to help advance knowledge about the teaching of mathematics. Riesbeck has used a socio-cultural perspective, and discourse analysis has been a theoretical point of departure. The thesis is freely available in PDF format. Here is the abstract in its entirety:

The aim of this dissertation is to describe and analyze how discourse as a theoretical and didactical concept can help in advancing knowledge about the teaching of mathematics in school. The dissertation has been written within a socio-cultural perspective where active participation and support from artefacts and mediation are viewed as important contributions to the development of understanding. Discourse analysis was used as a theoretical point of departure to grasp language use, knowledge construction and mathematical content in the teaching practises. The collection of empirical data was made up of video and audio tape recordings of the interaction of teachers and pupils in mathematics classrooms when they deal with problem-solving tasks, as well as discussions between student teachers as they engage in planning a teaching situation in mathematics. Discourse analysis was used as a tool to shed light upon how pupils learn and develop understanding of mathematics.

The results of my studies demonstrate that discussions very often are located in either a mathematical or in an every-day discourse. Furthermore, the results demonstrate how change between every-day and mathematical language often takes place unknowingly. Also the results underline that a specific and precise dialogue can contribute towards teachers’ and pupils’ conscious participation in the learning process. Translated into common vocabulary such as speak, think, write, listen and read teachers and pupils would be able to interact over concepts, signs, words, symbols, situations and phenomena in every-day discourse and its mathematical counterpart. When teachers and pupils become aware of discursive boundary crossing in mathematics an understanding of mathematical phenomena can start to develop. Teachers and pupils can construct a meta-language leading to new knowledge and new learning in mathematics.

The influence of theory

Christer Bergsten has wrote an article called “On the influence of theory on research in mathematics education: the case of teaching and learning limits of functions“, which was recently published (online first) by ZDM. Here is the abstract of the article:

After an introduction on approaches, research frameworks and theories in mathematics education research, three didactical research studies on limits of functions with different research frameworks are analysed and compared with respect to their theoretical perspectives. It is shown how a chosen research framework defines the world in which the research lives, pointing to the difficult but necessary task to compare research results within a common field of study but conducted within different frameworks.

NORMA 08 – online publications

The Norma-08 conference is approaching, and all accepted papers are now published online. Below is an overview of the regular papers in theme B. The reason for displaying the papers in this particular group is a selfish one of course, as it contains an article a colleague and I have written:

Regular papers theme B: Education and identity of mathematics teachers

IS THERE ALWAYS TRUTH IN EQUATION? Iiris Attorps and Timo Tossavainen

THE CONSTITUTION OF MATHEMATICS TEACHER IDENTITY Raymond Bjuland

IDENTITY AND GENRE LITERACY IN STUDENT TEACHERS? MATHEMATICAL TEXTS. Hans Jørgen Braathe

TEACHERS’ BELIEFS AND KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE PLACE VALUE SYSTEM Janne Fauskanger and Reidar Mosvold

TEACHING DEVELOPMENT THROUGH DISCUSSION: A CULTURAL-HISTORICAL ACTIVITY THEORY PERSPECTIVE Simon Goodchild and Espen Daland

MATHEMATICS TEACHERS: BELIEFS ABOUT TEACHING AND LEARNING MATHEMATICS AND CONSTRAINTS INFLUENCING THEIR TEACHING PRACTICE. Bodil Kleve

STUDYING FRENCH PRESERVICE ELEMENTARY TEACHERS’ RELATION TO GEOMETRY THROUGH THEIR DISCOURSE Bernard Parzysz

EXAMINING PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS REASONING OF FUNCTIONS: A FEEDBACK PERSPECTIVE Örjan Hansson

COLLABORATION AND INQUIRY IN MATHEMATICS PRACTICE, Marit Johnsen Høines

LEARNING ANALYSIS: STUDENTS’ STARTING POINT, Kristina Juter

Mathematical knowledge for teaching

Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education (JMTE) recently published an (online first) article by A.J. Stylianides and Deborah L. Ball entitled “Understanding and describing mathematical knowledge for teaching: knowledge about proof for engaging students in the activity of proving“. The article has a particular focus on knowledge about proof:

This article is situated in the research domain that investigates what mathematical knowledge is useful for, and usable in, mathematics teaching. Specifically, the article contributes to the issue of understanding and describing what knowledge about proof is likely to be important for teachers to have as they engage students in the activity of proving. We explain that existing research informs the knowledge about the logico-linguistic aspects of proof that teachers might need, and we argue that this knowledge should be complemented by what we call knowledge of situations for proving. This form of knowledge is essential as teachers mobilize proving opportunities for their students in mathematics classrooms. We identify two sub-components of the knowledge of situations for proving: knowledge of different kinds of proving tasks and knowledge of the relationship between proving tasks and proving activity. In order to promote understanding of the former type of knowledge, we develop and illustrate a classification of proving tasks based on two mathematical criteria: (1) the number of cases involved in a task (a single case, multiple but finitely many cases, or infinitely many cases), and (2) the purpose of the task (to verify or to refute statements). In order to promote understanding of the latter type of knowledge, we develop a framework for the relationship between different proving tasks and anticipated proving activity when these tasks are implemented in classrooms, and we exemplify the components of the framework using data from third grade. We also discuss possible directions for future research into teachers’ knowledge about proof (quoted from the abstract).

Mathematical knowledge constituted in the classroom

M. Kaldrimidou, H. Sakonidis and M. Tzekaki have written an article that has recently been published online in ZDM. The article is entitled “Comparative readings of the nature of the mathematical knowledge under construction in the classroom“, and it makes an attempt to:

(…) empirically identify the epistemological status of mathematical knowledge interactively constituted in the classroom. To this purpose, three relevant theoretical constructs are employed in order to analyze two lessons provided by two secondary school teachers. The aim of these analyses was to enable a comparative reading of the nature of the mathematical knowledge under construction. The results show that each of these three perspectives allows access to specific features of this knowledge, which do not coincide. Moreover, when considered simultaneously, the three perspectives offer a rather informed view of the status of the knowledge at hand (from the abstract).